Where’s Wildlife · Bird Field Guide

Northern Shrike

Lanius borealis

Pronounced (approx.): LAY-nee-us bor-ee-AL-is

A gray, black-masked songbird with a hooked bill and the hunting habits of a small raptor. [1]

Select the main image to browse all 3 photographs.

NATIVE TO NORTH AMERICA

At a Glance

Family
Laniidae · shrikes
Size
Robin-sized predatory songbird
Habitat
Open country with scattered shrubs, trees, and perches
Food
Small mammals, birds, and insects
Nesting
Deep cup in a shrub or tree

Compare several field marks together. [1] [2]

Three identification clues

01 · FIELD MARK

Look for a strong hooked bill and dark eye mask. [1]

02 · FIELD MARK

Gray upperparts contrast with black wings and a long black-and-white tail. [1]

03 · FIELD MARK

Immatures may be brownish and barred below, with a less bold mask. [1]

Finding Northern Shrike

During winter, scan exposed shrubs and treetops around brushy fields. A hunting bird may watch from one perch for an extended period. [1]

Use the range map for seasonal context and the observation map to explore reported sightings near you.

Learn the songs and calls

Listen for rhythm and tone, then compare what you hear with the bird’s appearance and habitat.

Common look-alikes

Loggerhead Shrikes are similar. Check the bill, mask, fine markings below, and the bird’s range; a gray bird alone is not enough. [1]

Field Photographs

Photographs © Brian Woolman / Where’s Wildlife. Select any image to open the gallery.

How this bird lives

Shrikes hunt both from exposed perches and within brush. Northern Shrikes breed far to the north, with some moving into the northern United States for winter. They may store prey on thorns or barbed wire. [2]

A closer look at Northern Shrike

Songbird predator

Despite its hunting habits, a shrike belongs to the songbirds. [2]

Food storage

Impaled prey may serve as a food supply for later. [2]

Winter visitor

Northern Shrikes are most likely to be noticed in the Midwest outside the nesting season. [2]

Range & Sightings

Explore reported observations and photographs on iNaturalist. Zoom to your area and use date filters to investigate seasonal sightings.

Reported sightings are not a complete range map. A lack of records does not necessarily mean the species is absent.

Keep Learning

Choose a photograph and name three clues you can see. Compare another view to learn how angle, age, season, and lighting change the bird’s appearance.

Sources & Further Reading

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