Where’s Wildlife · Bird Field Guide

Caspian Tern

Hydroprogne caspia

Pronounced (approx.): hye-droh-PROG-nee KAS-pee-uh

A powerful tern with a thick red bill, long pointed wings, and a shallowly forked tail. [1]

Select the main image to browse all 10 photographs.

NATIVE TO NORTH AMERICA

At a Glance

Family
Laridae · gulls and terns
Size
Very large, heavy-bodied tern
Habitat
Large lakes, rivers, estuaries, and coastal beaches
Food
Mostly fish
Nesting
Shallow ground scrape, often in a colony

Compare several field marks together. [1] [2]

Three identification clues

01 · FIELD MARK

A large red bill is conspicuous even at a distance. [1]

02 · FIELD MARK

The pale body contrasts with a dark cap and dark outer underwings. [1]

03 · FIELD MARK

Its tail is less deeply forked than those of many smaller terns. [1]

Finding Caspian Tern

Scan open water for birds searching with their bills pointed down, then check nearby beaches, sandbars, or logs for resting groups. [1]

Use the range map for seasonal context and the observation map to explore reported sightings near you.

Learn the songs and calls

Listen for rhythm and tone, then compare what you hear with the bird’s appearance and habitat.

Common look-alikes

Compare with gulls and smaller terns. Caspian Terns combine a very heavy bill with pointed wings; use size and bill shape together. [1]

Field Photographs

Photographs © Brian Woolman / Where’s Wildlife. Select any image to open the gallery.

How this bird lives

Pairs nest on open sand, gravel, or similar sparsely vegetated ground. Adults find fish from the air and dive into the water. Young may accompany a parent during migration and continue receiving food. [2]

A closer look at Caspian Tern

Largest tern

Caspian Terns are the largest living terns. [2]

Fish gifts

Fish are offered during courtship as well as delivered to chicks. [2]

Fresh or salt water

This species uses large inland waters as well as coastal habitats. [2]

Range & Sightings

Explore reported observations and photographs on iNaturalist. Zoom to your area and use date filters to investigate seasonal sightings.

Reported sightings are not a complete range map. A lack of records does not necessarily mean the species is absent.

Keep Learning

Choose a photograph and name three clues you can see. Compare another view to learn how angle, age, season, and lighting change the bird’s appearance.

Sources & Further Reading

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